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Miami International Airport

Coordinates: 25°47′36″N 080°17′26″W / 25.79333°N 80.29056°W / 25.79333; -80.29056
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Miami International Airport
Miami International Airport in November 2012.
Summary
Airport typePublic
Owner/OperatorMiami-Dade Aviation Department (MDAD)
ServesMiami metropolitan area
LocationMiami-Dade County, Florida, U.S.
Opened1928; 96 years ago (1928)
Hub for
Focus city for
Operating base for
Time zoneEST (UTC−05:00)
 • Summer (DST)EDT (UTC−04:00)
Elevation AMSL3 m / 9 ft
Coordinates25°47′36″N 080°17′26″W / 25.79333°N 80.29056°W / 25.79333; -80.29056
Websitewww.miami-airport.com
Maps
FAA airport diagram
FAA airport diagram
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
8L/26R 2,621 8,600 Asphalt
8R/26L 3,202 10,506 Asphalt
9/27 3,967 13,016 Asphalt
12/30 2,853 9,360 Asphalt
Statistics (2023)
Total passengers52,340,934
Aircraft operations461,792
Metric tonnes of cargo2,784,555
Source: FAA[2][3]

Miami International Airport (IATA: MIA, ICAO: KMIA, FAA LID: MIA) — also known as MIA and historically as Wilcox Field — is the primary international airport serving Miami and its surrounding metropolitan area, in the U.S. state of Florida. It hosts over 1,000 daily flights to 185 domestic and international destinations, including most countries in Latin America. The airport is in an unincorporated area in Miami-Dade County,[4] 8 miles (13 km) west-northwest of Downtown Miami, in metropolitan Miami,[2] adjacent to the cities of Miami and Miami Springs, and the village of Virginia Gardens. Nearby cities include Hialeah, Doral, and the census-designated place of Fontainebleau.

In 2021, Miami International Airport became the busiest international cargo airport in the U.S.[5][6][7] and the busiest U.S. gateway for international passengers, surpassing John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City.[8][9] As of 2021, it is the 10th busiest airport in the U.S. with 17,500,096 passengers for the year. It is Florida's busiest airport by total aircraft operations, total cargo traffic and total passenger traffic.[10] The airport is American Airlines' third-largest hub and serves as its primary gateway to Latin America and the Caribbean. Miami also serves as a focus city for Avianca, Frontier Airlines, and LATAM, both for passengers and cargo operations.

Miami International Airport covers 3,300 acres (1,300 ha).[2][11] It is South Florida's main airport for long-haul international flights and a hub for the Southeastern United States with passenger and cargo flights to cities throughout the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia. It is the largest gateway between the U.S. and Latin America and the Caribbean and one of the largest airline hubs in the nation.

History

[edit]
See also: Miami Army Airfield
Pan Am's first terminal consisted of a single hangar; the airport was the base of Pan Am's overseas flights to Cuba, but fell into disuse when the airline switched to amphibious seaplanes at International Pan American Airport with its Pan American Clipper in the mid-1930s.
A satellite image of Miami International Airport superimposed over noted locations at the old Miami City Airport/Pan American Field/6th Street Airport of the 1920s to 1950s era, in the upper right corner facing 36th Street

The first airport on the site of MIA opened in the 1920s and was known as Miami City Airport. Pan American World Airways ("Pan Am") opened an expanded facility adjacent to City Airport, Pan American Field, in 1928. Pan American Field was built on 116 acres of land on 36th Street and was the only mainland airport in the eastern United States that had port of entry facilities. Its runways were located around the threshold of today's Runway 26R. Eastern Air Lines began to serve Pan American Field in 1931, followed by National Airlines in 1936. National used a terminal on the opposite side of LeJeune Road from the airport and would stop traffic on the road in order to taxi aircraft to and from its terminal. Miami Army Airfield opened in 1943 during World War II to the south of Pan American Field. The runways of the two were originally separated by railroad tracks, but the two airfields were listed in some directories as a single facility.[12]

Following World War II in 1945, the City of Miami established a Port Authority and raised bond revenue to purchase Pan American Field, which had been since renamed 36th Street Airport, from Pan Am. It merged with the former Miami Army Airfield, which was purchased from the United States Army Air Force south of the railroad in 1949 and expanded further in 1951 when the railroad line itself was moved south to make more room. United States Air Force Reserve troop carrier and rescue squadrons also operated from the airport from 1949 through 1959, when the last unit relocated to nearby Homestead Air Force Base (now Homestead Air Reserve Base). Pan Am and Eastern also constructed maintenance bases in Miami in the late 1940s, which made the airport the world's largest commercial aircraft maintenance and overhaul facility at the time.[13]

20th Street Terminal in the 1950s

The old terminal on 36th Street was closed in 1959 when the current terminal (known as the 20th Street Terminal) opened. The 20th Street Terminal at the time the largest central airport terminal in the world, with five concourses (Concourses C-G) and a 270-room hotel. In 1961, the terminal was expanded with the addition of a sixth concourse (Concourse H) on the south side, which was the first concourse at the airport to include jetways. By 1965, the original five concourses were renovated with jetways added to them.[14]

The 20th Street Terminal was expanded in the 1970s. Parking garages were added just east of the terminal and Concourse B opened on the north side of the terminal in 1973 to accommodate the expansion of Eastern Air Lines.[15] In 1977, Concourse E's satellite terminal opened. The satellite was originally connected with shuttle buses, though a people mover was built to connect the satellite in 1980.[14]

Nonstop flights to Chicago and Newark started in late 1946, but nonstops didn't reach west beyond St. Louis and New Orleans until January 1962. Nonstop transatlantic flights to Europe began in 1970. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Air Florida had a hub at MIA, with a nonstop flight to London, England which it acquired from National upon the latter's merger with Pan Am. Air Florida ceased operations in 1982 after the crash of Air Florida Flight 90.[16] British Airways flew a Concorde SST (supersonic transport) triweekly between Miami and London via Dulles International Airport in Washington, D.C., from 1984 to 1991.[17]

The terminal was further expanded in the 1980s. The original Concourses D and E were rebuilt early in the decade and Concourses B and F were expanded.[18] Pedestrian bridges with moving walkways were built in 1985 connecting the parking garages with the third level of the terminal. Within the next few years, the moving walkway system on the third level was expanded to run along the full length of the terminal.[19]

After former Apollo 8 astronaut Frank Borman became president of Eastern Air Lines in 1975, he moved Eastern's headquarters from Rockefeller Center in New York City to Building 16 in the northeast corner of MIA, Eastern's maintenance base. Eastern remained one of the largest employers in the Miami metropolitan area until ongoing labor union unrest, coupled with the airline's acquisition by Texas Air in 1986, ultimately forced the airline into bankruptcy in 1989.[16] Eastern operated out of Concourses B through D on the north side of the terminal, where American's Concourse D stands today.[20][21] Concourse E was the home for most international carriers, while Pan Am operated out of Concourses E and F.[20][22]

American Airlines hub

[edit]
American Airlines planes at Concourse D in April 2005

Amid Eastern's turmoil, American Airlines CEO Robert Crandall sought a new hub in order to utilize new aircraft which AA had on order. AA studies indicated that Delta Air Lines would provide strong competition on most routes from Eastern's hub at Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta, but that MIA had many key routes only served by Eastern. American Airlines announced that it would establish a base at MIA in August 1988. Lorenzo considered selling Eastern's profitable Latin America routes to AA as part of a Chapter 11 reorganization of Eastern in early 1989 but backed out in a last-ditch effort to rebuild the MIA hub. The effort quickly proved futile, and American Airlines purchased the routes (including the route authority between Miami and London then held by Eastern sister company Continental Airlines) in a liquidation of Eastern which was completed in 1990.[16] Later in the 1990s, American transferred more employees and equipment to MIA from its failed domestic hubs at Nashville, Tennessee, and Raleigh–Durham, North Carolina. The hub grew from 34 daily departures in 1989 to 157 in 1990, 190 in 1992, and a peak of 301 in 1995, including long-haul flights to Europe and South America.[23] Today Miami is American's largest air freight hub and is the main connecting point in the airline's north–south international route network.

In December 1992, South African Airways launched flights to Johannesburg via Cape Town using a Boeing 747.[24][25] The company's codeshare agreement with American Airlines supported the route. The carrier later decided to codeshare with Delta Air Lines instead, which operated a hub in Atlanta. Consequently, South African replaced its Miami service with a flight to Atlanta in January 2000.[26][27]

Concourse A was built on the northeast side of the terminal in 1995, and Concourse H was rebuilt in 1997. Concourse J was built in August 2007 along with an expansion of the terminal on the south side.[18]

American began the development of the current North Terminal in the 1990s. Concourses B and C were demolished as part of the project with Concourse A becoming the eastern end of the expanded Concourse D. Although the terminal was originally scheduled to be completed in 2004, numerous delays arose in the construction process, and Miami-Dade County took over control of the project in 2005, at which time the project had a budget of $2.85 billion.[28] The terminal was ultimately completed in 2011 and included Skytrain, an automated people mover system, as well as a wing for American Eagle commuter flights.[29]

Other hub operations

[edit]

Pan Am was acquired by Delta Air Lines in 1991, but filed for bankruptcy shortly thereafter. Its remaining international routes from Miami to Europe and Latin America were sold to United Airlines for $135 million as part of Pan Am's emergency liquidation that December.[16] United's Latin American hub offered 24 daily departures in the summer of 1992, growing to 36 daily departures to 21 destinations in the summer of 1994, but returned to 24 daily departures in the summer of 1995 and never expanded further.[30] United ended flights from Miami to South America, and shut down its Miami crew base, in May 2004, reallocating most Miami resources to its main hub in O'Hare International Airport in Chicago.[31] United ceased all mainline service to Miami in 2005 with the introduction of its low-cost product Ted.[30]

Iberia also established a Miami hub in 1992, positioning a fleet of DC-9 aircraft at MIA to serve destinations in Central America and the Caribbean. The hub took advantage of rights granted under the 1991 bilateral aviation agreement between the United States and Spain.[32] During the 1990s, the airport had sterile international-to-international transit facilities in Concourse D (American, British, and Alitalia) and Concourse F (Iberia and four Central American carriers), and there were plans to establish a sterile corridor for international connecting passengers between six concourses.[33] However, the September 11, 2001, attacks made it necessary for many foreigners to obtain a visa in order to transit the United States, and as a result, United Airlines and Iberia closed their hubs in 2004.[34]

Future

[edit]

MIA is projected to process 77 million passengers and 4 million tons of freight annually by 2040.[35] To meet such a demand, the Miami-Dade Board of County Commissioners approved a $5 billion improvement plan to take place over 15 years and concluding in 2035. The comprehensive plan includes concourse optimization, construction of two on-site luxury hotels, the demolition of Concourse G, and expansion of the airport's cargo capacity.[36]

Facilities

[edit]
Tarmac and hangars at Miami International Airport in February 2022

Terminals

[edit]

Miami International Airport contains three terminals (North, Central, and South) and six concourses for a total of 131 gates.[37] With the exception of Concourse G, all concourses contain gates to access U.S. Customs and Border Protection facilities.

  • Concourse D contains 51 gates. The eastern section opened in 1995 as Concourse A, and the other parts opened in March 2013.[37]
  • Concourse E contains 18 gates. Opened throughout the early 1960s, the satellite terminal opened in 1974.[37]
  • Concourse F contains 19 gates. Opened in the 1970s.[37]
  • Concourse G contains 14 gates. Opened in the mid-1960s.[37]
  • Concourse H contains 13 gates. Opened in March 1998.[37]
  • Concourse J contains 15 gates. Opened in August 2007.[37]
Concourse J in the South Terminal is MIA's newest passenger facility and has one gate that can accommodate the Airbus A380.

American operates three Admirals Clubs and one Flagship Lounge across Concourses D & E.[38] Numerous other lounges exist across the airport as well, including an American Express Centurion Lounge located in Concourse D.[38][39][40] The North Terminal (Concourse D) is for the exclusive use of American Airlines. The Central Terminal (Concourses E, F, and G) has varied uses; Concourse E is mainly used by American and its Oneworld partner airlines along with some Caribbean and Latin American airlines, and E's satellite terminal has a gate that can accommodate an Airbus A380. Concourses F and G are used by non-AA domestic and Canadian carriers and flights. The South Terminal (Concourses H and J) is the main non-Oneworld international terminal. Concourse H is largely used by Delta and non-Oneworld international carriers that send narrowbody planes largely from Central and the northern parts of South America, and some widebody flights; and Concourse J is used by most non-Oneworld international carriers that send widebody planes and is the main terminal at MIA for non-Oneworld trans-continental flights. Concourse J also has one gate that can accommodate an A380.[41]

Ground transportation

[edit]
Main article: Miami Intermodal Center
Miami Intermodal Center serves as a hub for intercity transportation, primarily Tri-Rail and Miami-Dade Transit. Pictured in March 2015.
The MIA Mover transports landside passengers between the main terminal and the Miami Intermodal Center (MIC).

Miami International Airport offers the MIA Mover, a free people mover system to transfer passengers between MIA terminals and the Miami Intermodal Center (MIC) that opened to the public on September 9, 2011. The MIC provides direct access from the airport to ground transportation (shuttle/bus/rail) as well as the Rental Car Center. A Metrorail station opened at the MIC on July 28, 2012; a Tri-Rail station followed on April 5, 2015. Plans for Amtrak to operate a station at the MIC have been cancelled since it was discovered that the platform built for the service was too short for Amtrak trains. The platform now sits empty and closed, with no trains stopping at it.[42]

The rental car center consolidates airport car rental operations at the MIC.[43]

Miami International Airport has direct public transit service to Miami-Dade Transit's Metrorail and Metrobus networks; Greyhound Bus Lines and to the Tri-Rail commuter rail system. Metrorail operates the Orange Line train from Miami International Airport to destinations such as Downtown, Brickell, Health District, Coconut Grove, Coral Gables, Dadeland, Hialeah, South Miami, and Wynwood. It takes approximately 15 minutes to get from the airport to Downtown.

Miami-Dade Transit operates an Airport Flyer bus that connects MIA directly to South Beach.[44]

MIA is served directly by Tri-Rail, Miami's commuter rail system. The station opened on April 5, 2015. Tri-Rail connects MIA to northern Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach counties. Tri-Rail directly serves points north such as Boca Raton, Deerfield Beach, Delray Beach, Fort Lauderdale, Hollywood, Pompano Beach and West Palm Beach.[45]

Cargo yard

[edit]

MIA has a number of air cargo facilities. The largest cargo complex is located on the west side of the airport, inside the triangle formed by Runways 12/30 and 9/27. Cargo carriers such as LATAM Cargo, Atlas Air, Amerijet International, and DHL operate from this area. The largest privately owned facility is the Centurion Cargo complex in the northeast corner of the airport, with over 51,000 m2 (550,000 sq ft) of warehouse space.[46] FedEx and UPS operate their own facilities in the northwest corner of the airport, off of 36th Street. In addition to its large passenger terminal in Concourse D, American Airlines operates a maintenance base to the east of Concourse D, centered around a semicircular hangar originally used by National Airlines which can accommodate three widebody aircraft.[47]

Airlines and destinations

[edit]

Passenger

[edit]
AirlinesDestinationsRefs
Aer Lingus Seasonal: Dublin[citation needed] [48]
Aerolíneas Argentinas Buenos Aires–Ezeiza [49]
Aeroméxico Cancún,[50] Mexico City
Seasonal: Guadalajara,[51] Monterrey[52] 		[53]
Air Canada Vancouver [54]
Air Canada Rouge Montréal–Trudeau, Toronto–Pearson [54]
Air Europa Madrid [55]
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Pointe-à-Pitre [56]
Alaska Airlines Seattle/Tacoma
Seasonal: Portland (OR) 		[57]
American Airlines Antigua, Aruba, Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Barbados, Barcelona, Barranquilla, Belize City, Bermuda, Bogotá, Bonaire, Boston, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Cali, Camagüey, Cancún, Cartagena, Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Cleveland, Cozumel, Curaçao, Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Detroit, Georgetown–Cheddi Jagan, Grand Cayman, Grenada, Guatemala City, Guayaquil, Hartford, Havana, Holguín, Houston–Intercontinental, Indianapolis, Jacksonville (FL), Kansas City, Kingston–Norman Manley, Las Vegas, Liberia (CR), Lima, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Madrid, Managua, Medellín–JMC, Memphis, Mérida, Mexico City, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Montego Bay, Montréal–Trudeau, Nashville, Nassau, Newark, New Orleans, New York–JFK, New York–LaGuardia, Norfolk, Orlando, Panama City–Tocumen, Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Port-au-Prince, Portland (OR), Port of Spain, Providenciales, Puerto Plata, Punta Cana, Quito, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, Rio de Janeiro–Galeão, Roatán, Sacramento, St. Croix, St. Kitts, St. Louis, St. Lucia–Hewanorra, St. Maarten, St. Thomas, St. Vincent–Argyle, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San José (CR), San Juan, San Pedro Sula, San Salvador, Santa Clara, Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Cuba, Santiago de los Caballeros, Santo Domingo–Las Américas, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Seattle/Tacoma, Tampa, Tegucigalpa/Comayagua, Toronto–Pearson, Tulum, Varadero, Washington–National
Seasonal: Asheville, Charleston (SC), Cincinnati, Eagle/Vail, La Romana,[58] Louisville, Milwaukee, Montevideo, Omaha, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Rome–Fiumicino (begins June 5, 2025),[59] Salt Lake City 		[60]
American Eagle Anguilla, Asheville, Atlanta, Austin, Birmingham (AL), Charleston (SC), Chattanooga, Cincinnati, Columbus–Glenn, Dominica–Douglas-Charles, Fayetteville/Bentonville, Fort-de-France, Freeport, Gainesville, George Town, Governor’s Harbour,[61] Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Houston–Intercontinental, Indianapolis, Jacksonville (FL), Key West, Knoxville, Louisville, Marsh Harbour, Memphis, Milwaukee, Monterrey, Nashville, Nassau, New Orleans, North Eleuthera, Ocho Rios,[62] Oklahoma City, Pensacola, Pittsburgh, Pointe-à-Pitre, Raleigh/Durham, Rochester (NY), Savannah, South Caicos (begins February 25, 2025),[63] Tallahassee, Tulsa, Wilmington (NC)
Seasonal: Albany, Baltimore, Buffalo, Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Columbia (SC), Des Moines, Grand Rapids, Harrisburg (begins February 15, 2025),[64] Huntsville, Kansas City, Lexington, Little Rock, Madison, Norfolk, Portland (ME), Springfield/Branson (begins February 15, 2025),[64] Syracuse, Tampa, Tortola, White Plains, Wichita 		[60]
Avianca Barranquilla, Bogotá, Cali, Cartagena, Medellín–JMC [65]
Avianca El Salvador Managua, San Salvador [65]
Bahamasair Nassau, San Salvador (Bahamas) [66]
Boliviana de Aviación Santa Cruz de la Sierra–Viru Viru [67]
British Airways London–Heathrow [68]
Caribbean Airlines Port of Spain [69]
Cayman Airways Cayman Brac, Grand Cayman [70]
Condor Frankfurt[71] [72]
Copa Airlines Panama City–Tocumen [73]
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Boston, Detroit, Havana, Los Angeles, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–JFK, New York–LaGuardia, Orlando, Raleigh/Durham, Salt Lake City, Seattle/Tacoma,[74] Washington–National [75]
Delta Connection Seasonal: Raleigh/Durham [75]
El Al Tel Aviv [76]
Emirates Bogotá,[77] Dubai–International [78]
Finnair Seasonal: Helsinki [79]
French Bee Paris–Orly [80]
Frontier Airlines Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston,[81][better source needed] Charlotte,[82][better source needed] Chicago–Midway, Cincinnati, Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Guatemala City, Hartford (begins February 13, 2025),[83] Houston–Intercontinental,[81][better source needed] New York–LaGuardia,[84] Philadelphia, Raleigh/Durham, San Juan
Seasonal: Cleveland, Punta Cana 		[85]
Gol Linhas Aéreas Brasília, Fortaleza
Seasonal: Manaus 		[86]
Havana Air Havana, Holguín, Santa Clara [87]
Iberia Madrid [88]
ITA Airways Rome–Fiumicino [89]
JetBlue Boston, New York–JFK (ends June 12, 2025)[90] [91]
KLM Seasonal: Amsterdam [92]
LATAM Brasil Fortaleza, São Paulo–Guarulhos [93]
LATAM Chile Bogotá, Cancún, Punta Cana, Santiago de Chile [93]
LATAM Colombia Bogotá [93]
LATAM Ecuador Quito [93]
LATAM Perú Lima [93]
Level Barcelona[94] [95]
LOT Polish Airlines Warsaw–Chopin [96]
Lufthansa Frankfurt
Seasonal: Munich 		[97]
Norse Atlantic Airways London–Gatwick, Oslo
Seasonal: Berlin 		[98]
Porter Airlines Seasonal: Toronto–Pearson [99]
Qatar Airways Doha [100]
RED Air La Romana [101]
Royal Air Maroc Casablanca [102]
Scandinavian Airlines Seasonal: Copenhagen, Stockholm–Arlanda [103]
Sky Airline Peru Lima [104]
Sky High Punta Cana, Santiago de los Caballeros, Santo Domingo–Las Américas [105]
Southwest Airlines Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Chicago–Midway, Dallas–Love, Denver, Houston–Hobby, Nashville, New Orleans, St. Louis
Seasonal: Columbus–Glenn (begins January 7, 2025),[106] Indianapolis, Kansas City, Long Island/Islip,[107] Pittsburgh (begins January 7, 2025)[106] 		[108]
Spirit Airlines Baltimore, Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Houston–Intercontinental, Las Vegas, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Nashville, Newark, New Orleans, New York–LaGuardia, Philadelphia, San Juan [109]
Sun Country Airlines Seasonal: Minneapolis/St. Paul [110]
Surinam Airways Georgetown–Cheddi Jagan, Paramaribo
Seasonal: Aruba, Curaçao 		[111]
Swiss International Air Lines Zürich [112]
TAP Air Portugal Lisbon [113]
Turkish Airlines Istanbul [114]
United Airlines Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, Newark, San Francisco, Washington–Dulles [115]
Virgin Atlantic London–Heathrow [116]
Viva Mérida,[117] Monterrey[118] [119]
Volaris Guadalajara, Mexico City, Monterrey (begins March 30, 2025)[120] [121]
Volaris El Salvador San Pedro Sula, San Salvador [122]

Cargo

[edit]
AirlinesDestinationsRefs
21 Air Bogotá, Panama City–Tocumen
ABX Air Bogotá, Cincinnati, Georgetown–Cheddi Jagan, Panama City–Tocumen, Port of Spain [123]
AerCaribe Bogotá
AeroUnion Bogotá, Guatemala City, Medellín–JMC, Mérida, Mexico City–AIFA, San José (CR) [124]
Air ACT New York–JFK
Air Canada Cargo Atlanta, Bogotá, Lima, Quito, Toronto–Pearson
Aloha Air Cargo Barbados, Georgetown–Cheddi Jagan, Lima, Santo Domingo–Las Américas
Amazon Air Austin, Baltimore, Chicago/Rockford, Cincinnati, Fort Worth/Alliance, Houston–Intercontinental, Ontario
Amerijet International Antigua, Aruba, Barbados, Belize City, Cancún, El Paso, Georgetown–Cheddi Jagan, Grenada, Kingston–Norman Manley, Managua, Medellín–JMC, Mexico City–AIFA, Ontario, Panama City–Tocumen, Paramaribo, Port-au-Prince, Port of Spain, St. Kitts, St. Lucia–Hewanorra, St. Maarten, St. Vincent–Argyle, San Juan, San Pedro Sula, San Salvador, Santiago de los Caballeros, Santo Domingo–Las Américas, Toledo
Seasonal: Memphis 		[124]
Atlas Air Amsterdam, Anchorage, Austin, Baltimore, Bogotá, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Campinas, Charleston (SC), Chicago/Rockford, Cincinnati, Huntsville, Guadalajara, Liège, Lima, Manaus, Memphis, Mexico City–AIFA, New York–JFK, Quito, San Juan, Santiago de Chile, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Seoul–Incheon, Zaragoza [124][125]
Avianca Cargo Amsterdam, Asuncion, Barranquilla, Bogotá, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Cali, Curitiba, Lima, Manaus, Medellín–JMC, Panama City–Tocumen, Quito, San José (CR), San Salvador, Santo Domingo–Las Américas [124]
Cargojet Airways Bogotà, Campinas, Cincinnati, Guatemala City, Hamilton (ON), Lima, Panama City–Tocumen, San José (CR), San Pedro Sula, Santo Domingo–Las Américas
Cargolux Houston–Intercontinental, Luxembourg, Quito [124]
Cathay Pacific Cargo Anchorage, Atlanta, Houston–Intercontinental [124]
China Airlines Cargo Anchorage, Los Angeles, Seattle/Tacoma [124]
DHL Aviation Anchorage, Atlanta, Bogotá, Brussels, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Campinas, Cincinnati, Greensboro, Guatemala City, Madrid, Nashville, Orlando, Panama City–Tocumen, San José (CR), San Pedro Sula, Santiago de Chile, Seoul–Incheon [124]
Emirates SkyCargo Quito
Ethiopian Airlines Cargo Addis Ababa, Bogotá, Brussels, Lagos, Liège, Zaragoza [124]
FedEx Express Atlanta, Bogotá, Indianapolis, Los Angeles, Medellín–JMC, Memphis, Newark, San Juan [124]
FedEx Feeder Freeport, Guatemala City, Kingston–Norman Manley, Mérida, Nassau, San Pedro Sula, San Salvador [124]
IBC Airways Cap–Haïtien, Freeport, Grand Cayman, Havana, Kingston–Norman Manley, Montego Bay, Nassau, Port-au-Prince, Providenciales, Santiago de los Caballeros, Varadero [124]
Kalitta Air Anchorage, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Campinas, Cincinnati, Houston–Intercontinental, Manaus
KLM Cargo
operated by Martinair 		Amsterdam, Bogotá, Campinas, Guatemala City, Lima, Santiago de Chile [124]
Korean Air Cargo Anchorage, Campinas, Lima, New York–JFK, Seoul–Incheon [124]
LATAM Cargo Brasil Asunción, Belo Horizonte–Confins, Cabo Frio, Campinas, Curitiba, Manaus, Panama City–Tocumen, Porto Alegre, Recife, Rio de Janeiro–Galeão, Salvador da Bahia, São José dos Campos, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Vitória
LATAM Cargo Chile Amsterdam, Bogotá, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Campinas, Ciudad del Este, Guatemala City, Lima, Montevideo, Santiago de Chile
LATAM Cargo Colombia Asunción, Barranquilla, Bogotá, Cali, Campinas, Florianópolis, Guatemala City, Huntsville, Lima, Manaus, Panama City–Tocumen, Quito, Santiago de Chile, Zaragoza
Mas Air Guadalajara, Los Angeles, Mexico City–AIFA, Panama City–Tocumen [124]
National Airlines Anchorage
Northern Air Cargo Barbados, Georgetown–Cheddi Jagan, Kingston–Norman Manley, Lima, Paramaribo, Port of Spain, San Juan
Qatar Airways Cargo Doha, Liège, Quito
Silk Way West Airlines Luxembourg, Quito
Sky High Cargo Havana
Sky Lease Cargo Bogotá, Seattle/Tacoma
Transportes Aéreos Bolivianos Santa Cruz de la Sierra–Viru Viru [124]
Turkish Cargo Bogotá, Houston–Intercontinental, Istanbul, Maastricht/Aachen, Madrid, São Paulo–Guarulhos [124]
UPS Airlines Atlanta, Bogotá, Campinas, Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Fort Lauderdale, Guatemala City, Guayaquil, Jacksonville (FL), Knoxville, Louisville, Managua, Memphis, Ontario, Orlando, Panama City–Tocumen, Peoria, Philadelphia, Quito, San Antonio, San José (CR), Santo Domingo–Las Américas, Springfield/Branson, West Palm Beach
Seasonal: Tampa 		[124]
Western Global Airlines Bogotá, Ciudad del Este, Montevideo, Santiago de Chile
WestJet Cargo Toronto–Pearson [126]
XCargo Kingston–Norman Manley

Statistics

[edit]

Top destinations

[edit]
Busiest domestic routes to and from MIA (January 2023 – December 2023)[127]
Rank City Passengers Carriers
1 Georgia (U.S. state) Atlanta, Georgia 1,033,000 American, Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit
2 New York (state) New York–JFK, New York 902,000 American, Delta, JetBlue
3 New York (state) New York–LaGuardia, New York 848,000 American, Delta, Frontier, Spirit
4 New Jersey Newark, New Jersey 688,000 American, Frontier, JetBlue, Spirit, United
5 Texas Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas 682,000 American, Frontier, Spirit
6 California Los Angeles, California 635,000 American, Delta, JetBlue
7 Illinois Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois 620,000 American, Spirit, United
8 Massachusetts Boston, Massachusetts 566,000 American, Delta, Frontier, JetBlue, Spirit
9 North Carolina Charlotte, North Carolina 506,000 American, Spirit
10 Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 491,000 American, Frontier, Spirit
Busiest international routes from MIA (January 2023 – December 2023)[127]
Rank Airport Passengers Carriers
1 United Kingdom London–Heathrow, United Kingdom 976,245 American, British Airways, Virgin Atlantic
2 Colombia Bogotá, Colombia 926,465 American, Avianca, LATAM
3 Panama Panama City–Tocumen, Panama 866,771 American, Copa
4 Mexico Mexico City, Mexico 818,337 Aeroméxico, American, Volaris
5 Brazil São Paulo–Guarulhos, Brazil 776,744 American, LATAM Brasil
6 Peru Lima, Peru 773,377 American, LATAM Peru, Sky Peru
7 Spain Madrid, Spain 732,582 Air Europa, American, Iberia
8 Cuba Havana, Cuba 603,949 American, Delta
9 Argentina Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Argentina 575,207 Aerolíneas Argentinas, American
10 Mexico Cancún, Mexico 557,331 American, Frontier

Airline market share

[edit]

Carrier shares (December 2022 - November 2023)

  American, 15,902,000 (57.26%)
  Delta, 3,031,000 (10.89%)
  Spirit, 2,164,000 (7.77%)
  Southwest, 1,592,000 (5.72%)
  United, 1,586,000 (5.59%)
  Other, 3,568,000 (12.82%)
Top airlines at MIA
(December 2022 – November 2023)[127]
Rank Airline Passengers Percent of market share
1 American Airlines 15,902,000 57.26%
2 Delta Air Lines 3,031,000 10.89%
3 Spirit Airlines 2,164,000 7.77%
4 Southwest Airlines 1,592,000 5.72%
5 United Airlines 1,586,000 5.59%
6 Other 3,568,000 12.82%

Annual traffic

[edit]
Annual passenger traffic (enplaned + deplaned) at MIA, 2000 through present[128]
Year Passengers Year Passengers Year Passengers
2000 33,621,273 2010 35,698,025 2020 18,663,858
2001 31,668,450 2011 38,314,389 2021 37,302,456
2002 30,060,241 2012 39,467,444 2022 50,684,396
2003 29,595,618 2013 40,562,948 2023 52,340,934
2004 30,165,197 2014 40,941,879
2005 31,008,453 2015 44,350,247
2006 32,553,974 2016 44,584,603
2007 33,740,416 2017 44,071,313
2008 34,063,531 2018 45,044,312
2009 33,886,025 2019 45,924,466
The aftermath of RED Air Flight 203.

Accidents and incidents

[edit]
  • On January 22, 1952, an Aerodex Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar on a test flight crashed after takeoff due to engine failure, all 5 occupants were killed.[129]
  • On August 4, 1952, a Curtiss C-46 Commando on a ferry flight crashed on approach to MIA because of the failure of the elevator control system, all 4 occupants died.[130]
  • On March 25, 1958, Braniff International Airways Flight 971, a Douglas DC-7 crashed 5 km WNW of MIA after attempting to return to the airport because of an engine fire crashing into an open marsh, 9 passengers out of 24 on board were killed.[131]
  • On October 2, 1959, a Vickers Viscount of Cubana de Aviación was hijacked on a flight from Havana to Antonio Maceo Airport, Santiago by three men demanding to be taken to the United States. The aircraft landed at Miami International Airport.[132]
  • On February 12, 1963, Northwest Airlines Flight 705, a Boeing 720, crashed into the Everglades while en route from Miami to Portland, Oregon, via Chicago O'Hare, Spokane, and Seattle. All 43 passengers and crew died.
  • On February 13, 1965, an Aerolíneas de El Salvador (AESA) Curtiss C-46 Commando, a cargo flight, had an engine failure shortly after takeoff and crashed into an automobile junkyard, and both occupants died.[133]
  • On March 5, 1965, a Fruehaf Inc. Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar nosed down after takeoff due to elevator trim tab problems, and both occupants were killed.[134]
  • On June 23, 1969, a Dominicana de Aviación Aviation Traders Carvair, a modified DC-4, en route to Santo Domingo was circling back to Miami International Airport with an engine fire when it crashed into buildings 1 mile short of Runway 27. All 4 crewmembers aboard the Carvair and 6 on the ground were killed.[135]
  • On April 14, 1970, an Ecuatoriana de Aviacion Douglas DC-7, a cargo flight, crashed after takeoff from MIA beyond the runway and slid 890 feet before striking a concrete abutment, both occupants were killed.[136]
  • On December 29, 1972, Eastern Air Lines Flight 401, a Lockheed L-1011, crashed into the Everglades. The plane had left JFK International Airport in New York City bound for Miami. There were 101 fatalities out of the 176 passengers and crew on board.[137] (This accident is the subject of the movie The Ghost of Flight 401.)
  • On June 21, 1973, a Warnaco Inc. Douglas DC-7, a cargo flight, crashed into the Everglades six minutes after takeoff in heavy rain, wind, and lightning. All three occupants died.[138]
  • On December 15, 1973, a Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation operated by Aircraft Pool Leasing Corp, a cargo flight, crashed 1.3 miles E of MIA because of overrotation of the aircraft causing a stall, crashing into a parking lot and several homes, all three occupants were killed, along with six on the ground.[139]
  • On September 27, 1975, a Canadair CL-44 operated by Aerotransportes Entre Rios (AER), crashed after takeoff because of an external makeshift flight control lock on the right elevator, 4 crew and 2 passengers of the 10 on board died.[140]
  • On January 15, 1977, a Douglas DC-3, registered as N73KW of Air Sunshine crashed shortly after take-off on a domestic scheduled passenger flight to Key West International Airport, Florida. All 33 people on board survived.[141]
  • On January 6, 1990, a Grecoair Lockheed JetStar crashed after aborting takeoff and exiting the runway, One occupant of the two on board died.[142]
  • On May 11, 1996, ValuJet Airlines Flight 592, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9 crashed into the Everglades 10 minutes after taking off from MIA while en route to Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport after a fire broke out in the cargo hold, killing all 110 occupants onboard.
  • On August 7, 1997, Fine Air Flight 101, a Douglas DC-8 cargo plane, crashed onto NW 72nd Avenue less than a mile (1.6 km) from the airport. All four occupants on board and one person on the ground were killed.
  • On November 20, 2000, American Airlines Flight 1291, an Airbus A300 en route to Port-au-Prince, Haiti, returned to Miami following a cabin depressurization. During the evacuation one of the emergency exit doors explosively opened, killing a flight attendant.[143]
  • The Killing of Rigoberto Alpizar took place in December 2001. Alpizar was on an American Airlines flight which had landed at the airport. He started a fight and entered a restricted area. Flight attendants and US Federal Marshals told him not to do that but he ignored them and was shot.
  • On September 15, 2015, Qatar Airways Flight 778 to Doha overran Runway 9 during takeoff and collided with the approach lights for Runway 27. The collision, which went unnoticed during the 13.5-hour flight, tore a 18-inch (46 cm) hole in the pressure vessel of the Boeing 777-300ER aircraft just behind the rear cargo door. The crew was confused by a printout from an onboard computer and erroneously began takeoff on Runway 9 at the intersection of Taxiway T1 rather than at the end of the runway, which trimmed roughly 1,370 m (4,490 ft) from the length of the runway available for takeoff.[144][145]
  • On June 21, 2022, RED Air Flight 203 departed from Las Américas International Airport in the Dominican Republic at 3:36 pm. The aircraft landed at Miami International Airport on runway 09 at 5:38 pm with their McDonnell Douglas MD-82. Once the aircraft landed, the left main landing gear collapsed, causing the MD-82 to skid off the runway before coming to a halt on the side of runway 09. The right main landing gear was broken, there is extreme damage to the nose, and a fire on the right wing. There were no reported casualties; three passengers were left with minor injuries.
  • On January 18, 2024, Atlas Air Flight 095, a cargo Boeing 747-87UF registered as N859GT, en route to San Juan, experienced an engine fire shortly after takeoff from Miami International Airport. The aircraft safely returned to the airport and made an emergency landing within 15 minutes of takeoff.[146]

See also

[edit]

References

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